The Relationship between Chemical Industry and Energy

The Relationship between Chemical Industry and Energy

The relationship between chemical industry and energy is very close. For instance, many different kinds of energy are the products of fossil fuels and its derivatives through chemical processing. Energy can be divided into primary energy and secondary energy. Primary energy includes heat energy and motive power which we get from nature and apply them to our industry directly, such as coal, petroleum, natural gas, hydroenergy and nuclear energy. Energy like coal, oil and natural gas belongs to fossil fuel. Among all the varieties of energy, fossil fuel is consumed at the largest account. In 1985, the whole amount of primary energy consumption all over the world reached 10610 megatons. Among this consumption account, coal reached 29.7 percent; petroleum 39.9 percent; natural gas 21.1 percent; hydroenergy 7.7 percent; and nuclear energy 4.9 percent. Secondary energy (electricity excepted) mainly means the fuel got from primary energy through chemical processes. For example, liquidfuel like gas, diesel oil, jet fuel and heavy oil are refined from petroleum. They are all important goods and materials for modern transportation and military affairs such as automobiles and airplanes. Secondary energy also includes gaseous fuel got from coal processing used for industry and civilian life and artificial petroleum obtained from coal and oil shale.

The close relationship between chemical industry and energy is also presented by that energy is important raw material for chemical industry. Based on petroleum, modern and strong petrol chemical has been established, which has produced kinds of thousands petrol-chemical products. In chemical processing, some materials can be used both as fuel and as raw materials. Therefore, it is can be said that on the one hand, chemical industry can produce secondary energy, and on the other hand, chemical industry must consume lots of energy at the same time.

During the process of producing and applying fossil fuels especially coal, waste water and other solid wastes are produced which seriously pollutes the environment. It is also the key role for chemical technologies to prevent and control pollution.

Since 1949, China has got great achievements in energy production. While at the same time, it can not be ignored that energy including petroleum is still an important factor to influence national economic development. So in our country, it is significant to raise energy production and reduce energy consumption. Improving process technology of chemical industry can not only reduce the production cost and increase economic benefits, but also relieve energy scarcity, which has been paid great importance by all the countries in the world.

It is predicted that fossil fuel will still take up a primary position in energy field until the first 50 years of 21st century in a long run. Because of limitations of fossil fuel, except these conventional resources mentioned above, the development of many other unconventional resources will be more and more important. Unconventional resources mainly include nuclear energy and new energy. New energy includes solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy, wave energy, ocean energy and biological energy source like marsh gas. During the process of developing and applying solar energy and nuclear energy, chemical engineering and production technology of chemical industry will also play a quite important role.

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